What to know when treating urinary stones?

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Urinary stones are a common problem for both men and women. Once the disease is detected, the patient needs to be treated promptly to avoid complications later. Although this is not a very dangerous disease, not everyone knows how to treat and anticipate the consequences. Here are the things to know when treating urinary stones that Dr. Binh Tele_Clinic has helped you synthesize.

What you need to know about urolithiasis

Urinary stones are accumulations of stagnant substances, usually due to a change in the pH of the urine, or concentrated urine.

The urinary system is a combination of parts such as the left kidney, right kidney, bladder, 2 ureters, and urethra. When one of these parts appears as stones, they are collectively referred to as urinary stones. Currently, in Vietnam, about 12% of patients have urolithiasis.

Most stones are formed at the kidney site and then move down to parts such as the bladder, urethra... Some common types of urinary stones are:

- Calcium stones: Usually with the largest number of patients, more than 80% of urinary stone cases have this type of calcium stone. The cause was determined to be an increased calcium concentration in the urine.

- Phosphate stones: Patients with this type of stone usually account for about 15% of cases. This type of stone usually has a coral-like shape, and large size, the cause of which is determined to be caused by Proteus bacteria or by a urinary tract infection.

- Oxalate stones: People with this disease often live in tropical monsoon climates and often combine with calcium stones to form Oxalat calcium stones.

- In addition to common urinary stone diseases, some other stone diseases such as uric acid; Cystin… Each type of stone will cause different symptoms and conditions for the patient. Knowing the cause and treatment will help a lot if you are unfortunately the one who has it.

What causes urinary stones?

The cause of urolithiasis is determined most of the time because the patient does not drink enough water on average for the body every day and often holds urine, leading to urine stagnation for too long and then forming stones. . Besides, urinary stones are also caused by other causes such as Dissolution of mineral salts in urine: oxalate, calcium, urate; genetics or people with a history of diseases related to the urinary tract…

Symptoms and complications you need to know about urolithiasis

Timely detection of urinary stones will help patients more favorable in the treatment process later. Most urolithiasis in the early stages is difficult to detect or is discovered accidentally when the patient goes to the doctor.

Patients may note some of the basic symptoms of the disease as follows:

- Abnormalities when urinating: Urine has a different color; sharp pain when urinating; difficulty urinating; hematuria, intermittent.

- The back and hips often appear abnormal tightness.

- In some severe cases, the patient has signs of infection, and the body will have a fever with a feeling of dizziness and nausea.

Urinary stones are often difficult to recognize at the time of their development, so when discovered, this disease has caused serious complications for patients:

- Urine stagnation: The stones get bigger over time due to not being detected and treated early, leading to blockage causing kidney damage, worse leading to kidney failure.

- Inflammation of the urinary tract: Due to the rubbing of stones, the mucosa is torn, and the bacteria also follow to enter the body.

- Besides, urinary stones also cause kidney edema, interstitial nephritis, or infection.

Guidelines for the treatment and prevention of urolithiasis

For patients who detect stones at an early stage, with a small size of only < 5mm, the patient will be guided to treatment at home and under the supervision of a doctor.

For stones > 9mm in size and complications, this case can not be surgical intervention because the kidney is affected, the patient will be prescribed drugs by the doctor such as pain reliever, stone erosion medicine, and medicine. relaxes ureteral smooth muscle. However, medication only relieves pain and cannot cure it completely.

When the stone is too large, the first thing in the treatment process is to remove the stone and it should be done by medical methods such as laparoscopic percutaneous lithotripsy (PCNL); Extracorporeal lithotripsy (ESWL), endoscopic retrograde lithotripsy… The doctor will depend on the condition and severity of the stone to specify which method the patient should treat.

To prevent urinary stones and avoid serious complications, patients need to have a healthy lifestyle, practice the habit of drinking enough water every day, not holding urine for too long, exercise, and have regular health check-ups. frequent.

Urinary stone is a disease that leaves dangerous complications when it gets worse. Please contact Dr. Binh Tele_Clinic for timely examination and diagnosis if you see any abnormal signs in your body.